福州市外卖O2O与传统餐饮业空间分布特征及影响因素对比

为了研究信息技术影响下城市的商业空间分布规律，通过爬取多家主流网站中福州餐饮店相关数据，探究外卖O2O（Online To Offline，线上到线下）与传统餐饮业空间分布差异及其影响因素。研究发现：① 从分布区位来看，外卖O2O餐饮业空间在一定程度上与传统餐饮业具有一致性，但也具有新的特征，外卖O2O餐饮店呈现多核心散落分布，且更易在商贸综合区、高校文教区和写字楼周边地区形成集聚。② 从空间服务范围来看，外卖O2O主要面向广大中低档次消费者，为快速便捷地运送餐饮商品，空间分布更为分散；外卖O2O对网络口碑更加敏感，且以中口碑为主，其集聚规模和集聚中心数量均大于传统中口碑餐饮店。③ 人口分布对二者空间格局具有重要影响，但接近消费者市场才是外卖O2O餐饮店空间区位选择的决定因素；信息技术在一定程度上减少了外卖O2O餐饮店空间分布对交通区位的依赖，为此，其空间服务范围扩大，商家选址更灵活。

Comparison of the Spatial Distribution and Influencing Factors of O2O Takeaway and Traditional Catering Industry in Fuzhou City,China

In order to study the spatial distribution law of urban commerce under the influence of information technology, based on the dataset of restaurants from a number of mainstream websites, this study explored the distribution differences between O2O (Online To Offline) takeaway and the traditional restaurants, and identified their driving factors. The results showed that: 1) Spatial distribution of O2O takeaway caterings is consistent with that of traditional caterings. However, the geographical distribution of O2O takeaway caterings also presents a new feature, which is typically distributed around the commercial and business centers, and the cultural and educational districts. As a result, when compared with traditional caterings, O2O takeaway caterings are more likely to be sparsely distributed. 2) In terms of customers, O2O services mainly target at the middle- and low-income consumers, and are more sensitive to the word-of-mouth reviews and recommendations from consumers. Meanwhile, the O2O caterings are most frequently rated as the medium level in the catering industry. 3) Although population density has an important impact on distribution patterns of caterings, proximity to consumer market seems to be one determining factor in location choice of O2O takeaway caterings. Meanwhile, to a certain extent, utilization of information technology has reduced the dependence of O2O takeaway caterings on the traffic infrastructure. In this regard, the location choice of O2O takeaway caterings is more flexible than traditional caterings.