红色旅游高质量发展评价指标体系与培育路径研究——以红色旅游城市为例

基于五大发展理念构建了红色旅游高质量发展评价体系，选取12个重点红色旅游城市为研究案例，探究了其红色旅游高质量演化特征，并运用多案例的定性比较法和典型案例的网络文本分析提出了高质量发展的培育路径。结果表明：（1） 案例地红色旅游高质量发展水平整体不高，地区差异显著，六大子系统中增长动力、增长结构和增长方式上升水平尤为显著。（2） 案例地红色旅游高质量发展存在极差化特征。具体引致各发展类型失配的障碍系统存在差异，且其主导障碍因素呈现由内部资源优势向外部环境协调转化的过程。（3） 多案例地驱动机制分析可知，红色旅游高质量发展是六大子系统共同作用的结果，其中增长动力是核心因子，增长结构是共生因子，增长方式是非敏感因子，增长形态是敏感因子，增长成果是外部性因子，增长基础是支撑因子。（4） 典型个案的内容分析提炼出了全方位扩大红色旅游的正外部性效应、优化数字经济格局下的红色旅游共生环境、激发红色研学的大众旅游市场需求共三大关键培育路径。

Evaluation index system and cultivation path of high-quality development of red tourism: A case of red tourism cities

Considering the five concepts for development, a high-quality development evaluation system for red tourism is established that considers growth dynamics, structure, mode, outcome, form, and base. Comparative analysis of multiple red tourism cities and the network text analysis of typical cases were performed to investigate the characteristics of the spatial and temporal evolution of twelve key red tourism cities in China. The cultivation paths of high-quality development of red tourism were then identified by comparing several cases. The findings are as follows: (1) The overall level of high-quality development of red tourism in the case cities is insufficient, but there are notable regional differences, and the level of growth dynamics, structure, and mode in the six subsystems are particularly significant. (2) In all case cities, at the start of the observation period, the quality of development of red tourism is polarized, and the system mismatch analysis indicates that each type of development have different barriers, and the dominant barriers also show an internal shift. (3) The analysis of the driving mechanism in multiple cases demonstrates that the high-quality development of red tourism is the result of six subsystems, of which growth momentum is the core factor, growth structure is the symbiotic factor, growth mode is the non-sensitive factor, growth form is the sensitive factor, growth outcome is the externality factor, and growth foundation is the supporting factor. (4) Red tourism’s positive externality impact can be expanded in all aspects, its symbiotic environment may be optimized in a digital economy pattern, and research travel boosts the mass tourism consumer market. Through the five concepts for development, this study summarizes the six systems of high-quality development of red tourism, expands the application of the five concepts for development in the field of red tourism, elucidates the conceptual model, internal mechanism, and cultivation path of high-quality development of red tourism, and endeavors to clarify the focus and direction of high-quality development of red tourism in China in the new era.