长白山火山的历史与演化

长白山火山跨越中朝两国，在我国境内包括天池火山、望天鹅火山、图们江火山和龙岗火山，火山活动从上新世持续到近代，是我国最大的第四纪火山分布区。长白山火山的母岩浆是钾质粗面玄武岩，将长白山火山岩区称钾质粗面玄武岩省，岩浆结晶分异作用和混合作用主导了岩浆演化过程。天池火山之下地壳岩浆房和地幔岩浆房具双动式喷发特点，一方面来自地幔的钾质粗厨玄武岩浆直接喷出地表;另一方面钾质粗面玄武岩浆持续补给地壳岩浆房，发生岩浆分离结晶作用和混合作用，导致双峰式火山岩分布特征和触发千年大喷发。西太平洋板块俯冲-东北亚大陆弧后引张是长白山火山活动的动力学机制。

History and evolution of Changbaishan volcano

Changbaishan Volcano is located on the boundary of China and North Korea,its continuous eruptions occurred from Pliocene to modem time. As one of the largest Quaternary volcanic province in China, Changbaishan Volcano can be divided into four parts, including Tianchi Volcanic Field （TVF）, Wangtian＇e Volcanic Field （WVF）, Longang Volcanic Field （LVF） and Tumen River Volcanic Field （TRVF）. The primary magma of Changbaishan Volcano is potassic trachybasalt, so Changbaishan volanic region can be called as ＂potassic trachybasalt province＂, and the magma evolution of this volcano is dominated by fractional crystallization and magma mixing. The lower crustderived magma chamber and the mantle-derived magma chamber of Tianchi Volcano showed a feature of double acting volcanic eruptions,on the one hand the potassic trachybasaltic magma derived from the mantle erupted out directly to the surface, on the other hand the potassic trachybasaltic magma was continuously feeded to the lower crust-derived magma chamber where fractional crystallization and assimilation of magmas were occurred, causing to form and intensively erupt bemodel volcanic rocks 1000 years ago. The subduction of the western Pacific plate and subsequent back-arc extension of Northeast Asia continent were the dynamic mechanism of the volcanic activities of Changbaishan Volcano.