论矿物改造机制研究

矿物改造机制是容易被岩矿研究人员忽视的“成因矿物学”新领域之一,主要涉及矿物诞生之后的变化过程.变形矿物及岩石显微构造定性研究已经发展成熟,但造岩矿物显微构造变形与流体运动学和动力学关系的定量研究仍是地学前缘问题.从解析构造学原理出发,将国内外定量研究问题概括出三方面:(1)变形-变质期次与同变形变质温压计；(2)利用同位素年代学分析某期次变形年龄；(3)某期次矿物蠕变机制、差异应力估算及岩石流动定律.并从理论和应用两方面评述了一些实例,认为建立“成因矿物学”实验室,对于系统研究矿物学问题具有重要意义.

A Review of Mineral Transformation Mechanism Research

Mineral transformation mechanism,a research frontier of "genetic mineralogy",is commonly ignored by many rock researchers.Qualitative studies of microtectonics on both mineral type and deformation mechanism were extensively reported,however,the quantitative researches remain rare because of their physical,mathematical and chemical complexities.On the basis of Analytical Structural Geology theories,this review distinguished quantitative researches into three areas: 1) identification of deformation-metamorphism order and syntectonic temperature and confining pressure;2) determination of deformation ages using isotope chronology technique;and 3) assessments of mineral deformation mechanism,differential stress and rheological properties of rocks.Some typical examples were discussed from aspects of theory and application.The author suggests that it is essential to establish a laboratory on "genetic mineralogy".