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An innovation and agency perspective on the emergence and spread of Marine Spatial Planning
Institution:1. MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Nossa Senhora do Cabo, 2750-374 Cascais, Portugal;2. Duke University Marine Laboratory, Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Duke University, 135 Duke Marine Lab Road, Beaufort, NC 28516-9721, USA;3. CIBIO Açores—Research Centre in Bio diversity and Genetics Resources, Department of Biology, University of Azores, Rua Mãe de Deus, 9500-855 Ponta Delgada, Portugal;1. Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 21502, Geesthacht, Germany;2. Mount Allison University, 144 Main Street, Sackville, NB, E4L 1A7, Canada;3. Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3A 5R7, Canada;4. Institute for Resources Environment and Sustainability, Institute for Resources Environment and Sustainability, Aquatic Ecosystem Research Laboratory, 429-2202 Main Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., V6T 1Z4, Canada;5. United Nations Environment Programme - World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), Cambridge, CB3 0DL, UK;6. Centre for Marine and Coastal Policy Research, School of Marine Science and Engineering, Plymouth University, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK;7. Marine Scotland Science, Marine Scotland Science, Marine Laboratory, PO Box 101, 375 Victoria Road, Aberdeen, AB11 9DB, UK;8. NAFC Marine Centre, University of the Highlands and Islands, Port Arthur, Scalloway, Shetland, ZE1 0UN, UK;9. Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth, PL1 3DH, UK;1. AZTI, Marine Research Division, Herrera Kaia z/g, 20110 Pasaia, Spain;2. TI Institute of Sea Fisheries, Palmaille 9, 22767 Hamburg, Germany;3. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, UNESCO, 7 Place Fontenoy, 75007 Paris, France
Abstract:The roles of governance and technological innovation have been widely recognized as important parts of sustainability transitions. However, less attention has been paid to understanding the mechanisms of the emergence and spread of innovative ideas for stewardship of social–ecological systems. This study considers how theories of innovation and agency are able to provide explanatory power regarding the spread and impact of such ideas. This includes how innovations may contribute to resolving the mismatches between the scale of ecological processes and the scale of governance of ecosystems. The emergence and spread of Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) is used as an illustrative case study. The study shows that individuals embedded in informal networks have played a key role in driving the emergence of MSP across scales and in constantly re-framing the tool in order to overcome obstacles to adoption and implementation. In a number of cases, MSP has been decoupled from the ecosystem despite being framed as a tool for ecosystem-based management. Finally, this study is important to understand the process of emergence of new integrated tools for ecosystem stewardship at the global level.
Keywords:Large-scale marine governance  Social–ecological systems  Institutional entrepreneurship  Diffusion  Innovation  Marine Spatial Planning
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