澜沧江源头科学探险考察中的冰川学考察

China Scientific Expedition on Lancang River Source about Glaciology

Ice force is dominant for the offshore struc- tures in ice covered region, and mechanical properties of ice are the main factors to determine the ice forces. The mechanical propeties of sea ice, a special solid ma- terial, depend on its crystal dimension, c-axes direc- tion, anisotropy, temperature, stain-rate, stress-state and other factors. In the previous studies, some experi- mental models of sea ice strength were established. In this paper, sea ice strength was studied through a macroscopic and microscopic combination, which has the benefit to establish the theoretic model, and to des- cribe the deformation law, the stress-strain relation- ship and the destroy criteria. Based on the physical process of ice-structure interaction, the mechanisms of formation and expansion of the micro-crack were presented through the microscopic mechanism analy- sis of sea ice ductile-brittle transition. The criterion of sea ice ductile-brittle transition was obtained by ana- lyzing the Rice-Thomson model. The sea ice strength of the ductile-brittle transition zone calculated was ac- corded with the test result, which can be utilized to forecast the mechanical behaviors in the ice-structure interaction under general conditions, and to be theo- retic foundation for the ice force design.