关于花岗岩与成矿作用若干基本概念的再认识

借着对张旗先生两篇文章提出进一步质疑的机会,文章阐述了与花岗岩有关成矿作用的若干基本概念、基础知识以及国内外矿床学界对某些相关问题的研究成果。认为花岗岩浆从形成起到最后固结成岩,必然经历了一定的演化过程,花岗岩浆的分异演化,可以形成富含水和其他挥发组分的残余岩浆,出现晶体、熔体、流体三相共存的"岩浆-热液过渡阶段",并最终分泌出热液(岩浆水)。中国华南尤其是南岭地区钨锡铋钼锂铍铌钽等稀有金属的大规模成矿作用正是与该地区大规模花岗岩浆活动及其演化密切相关的。文章强调了花岗岩类与钨锡等成矿作用之间存在着密切的成因关系,并重申了"成矿母岩"、"含矿岩体"等术语在矿床学研究及指导找矿勘查等方面的积极意义。指出"金铜和钨锡可以伴生"是大量矿床所反映的、因此也是必须尊重的基本地质事实,而不是依据了什么理论。文章最后认为,关于成矿作用问题的任何讨论和争鸣都必须建立在尊重地质事实、尊重矿床学基本概念和尊重矿床学领域前人研究成果的基础之上。

Clarification of some basic concepts concerning the granite-related mineralization

Taking the opportunity of further query against two published papers by Mr Zhang Qi, the authors clarified some basic concepts, knowledge, and major research achievements in the field of granite-related mineralization. The present paper holds that the granite magma must undergo certain evolution from its formation to its final consolidation. The differentiation and evolution of granite magma would result in a residual magma which is rich in water and other volatile components and comprises coexistent crystals, melts and fluids at the stage called "magmatic-hydrothermal transition", and finally yield hydrothermal solution (magmatic water). The world-class large-scale metallogenic processes of W, Sn, Bi, Mo Li, Be, Nb, Ta and other rare metals in South China are products of very broad and strong granitic magmatism and high evolution in that region. The authors emphasized the close genetic relation between granitoids and rare metal mineralization, and restate the positive effect of the terms such as "mother rock", "ore-bearing rock" used in the ore deposit study as well as in ore prospecting. The present paper also pointed out that the coexistence of Au-Cu with W-Sn is not from any theory, but from the natural phenomena proved by many ore deposits, and hence a basic fact which we have to recognize and acknowledge. Finally, the authors suggest that the discussion and contention on any problem about mineralization must respect the geological facts, the basic concept of mineral deposits, and the previous research achievements in the field of mineral deposits.