朔望潮汐大小的分析

在潮差逐日变化的半个朔望月的周期里，有朔望大潮，它与月相关关。半日潮港在朔望后的二、三日，因月球引起的潮汐和太阳引起的潮汐相加，潮差最大，是为大潮。而朔和望的大潮又随着不同的年份和不同的月份而发生变化，本文通过分析引潮势的系数，采用静力潮的概念从理论上导出这种变化，并利用青岛大港验潮站１０年的资料进行验证。

AN ANALYSIS OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF TIDES IN THE PERIOD OF NEW MOON AND FULL MOON

In the tidal difference daily variations, there is a period of half lunar month of syzygy spring tides related to the phase of the moon. In a harbour of semi diurnal tide, two or three days after syzygy, the tidal difference reaches its extr eme value; the reason is that the lunar tide and the solar tide superimpose each other directly. The spring tides of new moon and full moon variate yearly and monthly. In this paper the coefficient of Darwin gravitation tidal potential is analysed; by introducing the concept of equilibrium tide, the variation is induced theoretically, and the theoretical result is verifed by analysing the 10 years tidal data of Qingdao Tide Gauge Station from 1971-1980. The following result is obt ained theoreticelly and pr actically: in most months, the spring tide of new moon is a little greater than that of full moon. From the analysis of the 10 years obs ervation data of Qingdao Gauge Station, we find the averge spring tide of new moon is 2.93cm greater than that of full moon