无人机PPK技术支持下的河道测量与精度分析

针对河道带状复杂地形布设控制点困难的问题及高精度的测量要求，本文探讨了一种结合PPK技术的无人机免像控河道测量方法。以DJI Phantom 4 RTK无人机为研究对象，分析了基于PPK的高精度POS辅助空三测量、相机镜头畸变纠正和航线设计等影响航测精度的关键技术，利用UAV-PPK软件对地面基站与无人机POS数据进行事后差分解算，获取高精度POS数据辅助空中三角测量。结合安徽省庄墓河河道治理工程进行试验，结果表明，基于PPK的免像控无人机航测获取了更高精度POS数据且成图精度满足河道1：500大比例尺测图要求。PPK辅助无人机航测提高了复杂地形测绘精度，为后续河道整治工作提供了更加精准的地形数据。

River surveying based on UAV PPK technology and precision analysis

Aiming at the difficulty of laying control points on the river’s belt-like complex terrain and high-precision measurement requirements,a non-GCPs monitoring method for rivers and lakes combined with PPK technology is discussed. The DJI Phantom 4 RTK UAV is used as the research object,the key technologies that affect the accuracy of aerial surveys,such as high-precision POS assisted airborne triangulation based on PPK,camera lens distortion correction,and route designare analyzed,ground base station and UAV POS data by UAV-PPK software calculated,combined with the GNSS post-difference processing technology to obtain high-precision POS data to assist aerial triangulation. Combined with Zhuangmu River regulation project to carry out experiments,the analysis of POS data and mapping accuracy shows that based on PPK’s Non-GCPs UAV aerial survey,high-precision POS data assisted aerial three surveys are obtained,and the precision of the results meets the requirements for 1 ∶ 500 large-scale mapping of river channels. PPK aided UAV for aerial survey improves the precision of surveying and mapping of complex terrain,and provides accurate data support for subsequent comprehensive river regulation work.