中国北方砂栖纤毛虫的空间分布及其驱动因素

为深入了解不同地理尺度因素对驱动微型生物群落空间结构的相对影响，本研究于2020年10月调查了中国北方14个砂质潮间带的砂栖纤毛虫群落。研究结果如下:（1）检获纤毛虫105种，隶属26目65属，按丰度优势依次为帆口目、小胸目和环毛目；（2）黄海、渤海两区域的环境因子存在显著差异，但纤毛虫群落组成趋于相似；（3）偏Mental分析显示，环境条件较空间距离在纤毛虫群落组成的驱动中更为重要，其中盐度、粒度和海滩坡度是解释纤毛虫空间分布的最优环境因子组合，而潮差和溶解无机氮含量是次要影响因子；（4）沿海区域微型生物的强扩散效应在一定程度上掩盖了环境异质性影响。综上，由于沿海生态系统中微型生物受到更少扩散限制，在空间分布格局的形成上，环境条件的影响比空间距离更重要。本研究为海洋微型生物地理学提供了基础数据，有助于在全球变化背景下制定沙滩管理和保护规划。

Spatial distribution characteristics and driving factors of benthic ciliates in northern China

In October 2020, we sampled the benthic ciliate communities in 14 sandy intertidal zones in northern China to gain insight into the relative influence of diverse geographical scale parameters on driving the spatial pattern of microbial communities. The main findings were as follow: (1) 105 ciliates were identified belonging to 65 genera and 26 orders, and Pleuronematida, Microthoracida, and Cyclotrichida were the dominant groups; (2) although significant differences in environmental conditions were detected between the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea, the community composition of ciliates did not show significant difference; (3) partial Mental test revealed that environmental factors were more important than spatial distance in determining ciliate community composition, with salinity, grain size, and beach slope were the most important environmental factors in explaining ciliate spatial distribution, while tidal range and dissolved inorganic nitrogen content were less important; (4) in coastal areas, the mass effect of microorganisms somewhat hided the effects of environmental heterogeneity. In conclusion, because microorganisms in coastal environments were less restricted by dispersal, environmental variables played a larger role in the establishment of spatial distribution patterns than spatial distance. This research gives basic information on marine microbial biogeography, which can aid beach management and conservation planning in the face of global change.