近断层速度脉冲型地震动相关问题研究

近断层速度脉冲型地震动研究对揭示建筑结构的破坏机理、开展抗震设防以及抗震设计具有重要价值。首先，对速度脉冲成因进行了系统的总结，并探讨了区分方向性效应速度脉冲和滑冲效应速度脉冲的思路；其次，系统地介绍了近断层速度脉冲的识别方法，评述了各种脉冲识别方法的优缺点；然后，基于速度脉冲特性，探讨了前方向性效应对速度脉冲特性的影响以及速度脉冲对反应谱的放大作用；最后，对速度脉冲型地震动输入方法以及对结构响应研究进行了系统总结，探讨了速度脉冲型地震动输入的关键问题。基于丰富的理论研究，未来对于速度脉冲型地震动研究工作应当充分结合实际工程需求，推进理论成果的规范标准化与工程实践。 

Review on issues of near-fault velocity pulse-like ground motions

The study of near-fault velocity pulse-like ground motions is of great value to revealits damage mechanism, seismic fortification, and seismic design in the near-fault region. In this paper, the formation mechanisms of the pulse are summarized. The idea of distinguishing the pulses caused by the forward directivity effects and fling effects is discussed. Secondly, the identification methods of near-fault velocity pulses are systematically introduced and their advantages and disadvantages are reviewed. In addition, based on the characteristics of the pulse, the influence of the forward directivity effect on the pulse characteristics and the amplification effects of pulses on response spectra are discussed. Finally, the ground motion input and influence of pulses on structures are summarized. And the key questions of the pulse ground motion input are discussed. In the future, the research work of velocity pulse ground motion should be fully integrated with the actual engineering needs, and the standardization of theoretical results and engineering practice should be promoted.