滑坡灾害防治的新技术路线及分析

论文指出了滑坡灾害防治中面临的工程问题和科学问题。提出了“监测为首、排水为主、结构为辅、预测预警、科学决策”新的滑坡防治技术路线,介绍了其涵盖的基本内容。监测的首要性在于山体地质结构的复杂性和具体滑坡的个体行为。通过监测有可能获得地质体当前的状态、提高排水工程的可靠性、确定工程治理适用范围、创造滑坡灾害预测预报的条件、为科学决策提供依据;排水不仅可以预防滑坡灾害的发生,还应作为工程治理的主要措施。它以较低的成本维持山体的整体强度;与排水技术相比,借助于工程结构治理大型滑坡,是以较高的代价换取山体局部区域的强度提高;滑坡灾害的预测预警和科学决策,依赖于科学监测数据和可靠的分析方法。新技术路线的可靠性、合理性和实用性还需更为全面深入的论证,对相关问题开展讨论,有助于提高我国滑坡灾害防治水平。

New technologic strategies and analysis about landslide disaster prevention and control

The technologic and scientific problems arisen in the landslide prevention and control in China are pointed out in this paper,and the new technical strategies are proposed as follows: "landslides monitoring is the most important;landslides prevention through drainage works is the main technique;construction strengthen is regard as an auxiliary measure;forecast and prewarning of landslides disaster should be carried out;and any decision-making should be made relied on science." The main content and theoretical basis of the new strategies are introduced.The importance of landslides monitoring lies in the complexity of geological structure in landsliding body and the individual behaviors of different landslides.By landslides monitoring,it is possible to get the informations of the current state of the landslides,improve the reliability of draining engineering,make sure the ranges of the engineering measures applied,provide the condition for forecast and prewarning of landslides and make the decisions more reasonable.Draining is not only a method to prevent landslide,but also should be a main measure to control the landslides disaster.It can keep the globe strenth of landslide body with less cost.Comparing draining using engineering structure to control landslides can make local strenth of landslide body become high with more cost.Forecast,prewarning and decision-making on sciences depend on monitoering data and reliability analying method.After all,the reliability,rationality and practicability of the new technical strategies need to be demonstrated comprehensively and deeply,so discussion about the relative problems surely does good to improve the capability of landslide prevention and control in our country.