玻利维亚铜金锡铁主要矿床类型及资源潜力

玻利维亚的铜矿规模以中小型为主,主要成矿类型为红层型(砂岩层)、沉积相关脉状型、VMS型和IOCG型等。金矿规模以中小型为主,主要成矿类型有火山成因浅成热液型、与深成岩相关的脉状矿床、造山型矿床和砂金矿。锡矿发育众多大型、超大型矿床,成矿类型以玻利维亚型多金属脉状矿床和与长英质深成岩相关的脉状矿床为主,少量砂锡矿。铁矿以El Mutún超大型BIF型铁锰矿著称。西科迪勒拉和玻利维亚高原有重要的浅成低温热液贵金属资源潜力;东科迪勒拉北部主要为钨、锡、金、锑资源,中部为锡、银、金、锑资源,南部有金、锑、银、铅、锌潜力;次安第斯带南部有银-锌资源潜力;查科-贝尼平原带有广泛的砂金矿资源;前寒武纪克拉通内金、铂、镍、钽、铜和铁锰资源潜力丰富。

Main ore deposit types and resource potential analysis of gold copper tin iron deposits in Bolivia

This paper systematically summarizes the characteristics of mineralization types and resource potential of gold, copper, tin and iron deposits. The copper deposits are from small to medium in size in Bolivia, and the main mineralization types are red-bed copper, sediment-associated vein-type deposits, VMS, IOCG and some other types. The gold deposits are from small to medium in size, and the main deposit types are the volcanogenic epithermal deposits (vein-type or porphyry), vein-type deposits associated with felsic plutons, orogenic gold (±antimony) deposits and placer gold deposits. Bolivia has many large and superlarge tin deposits, and the typical mineralization types are "Bolivia-type" polymetallic veins and pluton-associated polymetallic vein deposits, with minor placer tin deposits. The superlarge Mutún iron-manganese deposit is hosted in Banded Iron Formation (BIF). Western Cordillera and Altiplano have important potentiality for discovering epithermal precious metal resources. North Eastern Cordillera mainly contains potential of tungsten, tin, gold, antimony resources, and central Eastern Cordillera has potential of tin, silver and gold, antimony resources, with gold, antimony, silver, lead and zinc in the south segment. Important silver-zinc resources occur in south Subandean. Chaco-Beni plain has extensive placer gold resources. Precambrian craton contains potential of gold, platinum, nickel, tantalum, copper, iron and manganese resources.