河北省霾日变化及成因

利用1981-2010年河北省142个气象站地面观测资料，按照霾的观测和预报等级行业标准，分析河北省霾日空间分布特征.以石家庄为例对多霾日成因进行探讨。结果表明：河北省霾日主要分布在太行山东麓地区，霾日高频次中心随时间范围在扩大，频次有增加趋势；典型代表站霾日随时间呈现增加、减少和平稳变化三种态势，单站间变化差异明显；河北省霾日主要以能见度大于5km轻微霾为主，代表站中度、重度霾日季节变化显著，64%以上出现在秋冬季节；霾的形成是多种因素综合作用的结果，区域分布主要与地理环境有关，气候上逆温层、风速、相对湿度、年降水日数与霾的形成有关，另外地方经济发展、人类社会活动对大气污染物的排放起到一定作用。

Change of haze day and its forming reason in Hebei province

Based on the observed meteorological data from 1981 to 2010 in Hebei province, the temporal and spatial distributions of haze days were analyzed according to the observation and forecast standard of haze. The forming reason was discussed using haze days in Shijiazhuang as a case study. The results indicate that the haze days appear frequently in the east of Taihangshan mountain area. The center of the great frequency haze days expanses with the time, and the frequency is in a increasing trend. The haze days have three changing styles in the representative sta- tion, namely,increasing, decreasing and stability. There is a significantly change between stations. The haze days are mainly light haze and its visibility is more than five kilometers in Hebei province. There is a significantly sea- sonal change for the middle and serious haze days in the representative station. Most haze days appear in autumn and winter and account for 64% of the total. The haze formation is a result of combing effects from many factors. The regional distribution of haze days is related with the geographical environment and climatic factors such as in- version temperature, wind speed, relative humidity, and annual precipitation days. Furthermore, air pollutant emis- sions caused by the local economy development and the human society action could also lead to the haze.