基于粒子图像测速技术的滑坡-涌浪两相运动分析系统

滑坡-涌浪灾害威胁沿河两岸居民生产生活安全和航道安全。当前尚缺乏同步提供流固两相运动矢量的相关物理试验分析系统，以深刻分析滑坡-涌浪产生机制。文章提出了基于流固两相识别的粒子图像测速（PIV）技术和试验实现方法。利用2560×1024像素的工业相机，该PIV技术可实现在3 m×1.5 m视窗下最小1.17 mm的空间分辨率和0.01 s内最小0.117 m/s的观测速度。同时，提出了与该系统方法有关的误差来源和克服相关问题的解决方法。利用相关硬件设施示范性构建了滑坡-涌浪两相运动观测平台，并编制了专门的解算软件。对三维柱体颗粒崩塌、二维柱体颗粒崩塌及其涌浪和水下崩塌-涌浪进行了展示性试验，取得了良好效果。该系统可以揭示广泛的岩土体及水体运动全过程，具有很好的应用前景；将为滑坡-涌浪及相关动力学领域研究提供强有力的研究工具。 

Two-phase motion analysis system for landslide-induced impulse wave based on the particle image velocimetry

Landslide-induced impulse wave disasters threaten the safety of production and life of residents along both sides of the river and the safety of navigation channels. However, there is still a lack of relevant physical experimental analysis system to provide fluid-solid two-phase motion vector synchronously to deeply analyze the mechanism of impulse wave generated by landslide. In this paper, the particle image velocimetry (PIV) and experimental implementation method based on fluid-solid two-phase recognition are proposed. This PIV technique can achieve a minimum spatial resolution of 1.17 mm and a minimum observation speed of 0.117 m/s in 0.01 s with a 2560×1024-pixel industrial camera under a 3 m×1.5 m observation window. The error sources related to this system and the solutions to overcome the related problems are proposed. A two-phase motion observation platform for landslide and its impulse wave is constructed by related hardware facilities, and a special resolving software is compiled. The demonstration tests of three-dimensional granular pillar collapse, two-dimensional granular column collapse and its impulse wave and underwater collapse-induced impulse wave have been carried out, and good results have been achieved. This system can reveal the whole process of rock, soil and water movement, and has good application prospects. It will provide a powerful research tool for landslide-induced impulse wave and related dynamics research.