京津冀科技合作网络的演变特征及影响因素

构建层次分明、结构合理的科技合作网络对于推动京津冀协同创新具有非常重要的作用。本文从基于知识创新的科研合作网络和基于技术创新的技术合作网络的角度,使用合作论文和合作专利数据,采用社会网络分析法对2013—2018年京津冀地区地级及以上城市之间科技合作网络的演变特征进行了分析,并基于半参数估计和面板计量模型实证检验了影响京津冀78个城市对之间科技合作的主要因素。主要结论为：① 京津冀科研合作网络快速成长,呈现北京与天津双核引领,以京津为主轴、京保石为次轴的空间结构。② 京津冀逐渐形成了以北京为主中心,天津、石家庄为次中心,廊坊、保定、沧州为三级枢纽,其他城市为节点的技术合作网络结构。③ 空间距离越近的城市之间越容易产生科技合作,高铁开通带来的时空距离压缩可以减弱科技合作的空间衰减系数;相对于科研合作,技术合作对于空间距离更为敏感;技术邻近性是促进城市间科技合作的主要驱动因子,尤其是对技术合作的促进效应更为明显;经济发展差距越小的城市之间相对容易产生技术合作。

Evolutionary characteristics of science and technology cooperation network of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and its influencing factors

Building a hierarchical and reasonable structured science and technology cooperation network plays a very important role in promoting collaborative innovation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region (BTH). This paper analyzes the evolutionary characteristics of the science and technology cooperation network between cities in the BTH during 2013-2018 from two perspectives: the research cooperation network based on knowledge innovation and the technology cooperation network based on technology innovation. This paper uses micro data of collaborative papers and collaborative patents and applies social network analysis to examine the evolutionary characteristics of the science and technology cooperation network between cities in the BTH from 2013-2018, and empirically tests the influence of 78 pairs of city in the study area on the science and technology cooperation based on panel econometric model factors. The main conclusions can be drawn as follows. First of all, the rapid growth of the research cooperation network of the BTH presents a spatial structure characterized as the twin cores of Beijing and Tianjin, with Beijing-Tianjin as the main axis and Beijing-Baoding-Shijiazhuang as the secondary axis. Second, the BTH gradually formed a technical cooperation network structure with Beijing as the main center, Tianjin and Shijiazhuang as secondary centers, Langfang, Baoding and Cangzhou as tertiary hubs, and other cities as nodes. Finally, small distance plays a positive role in science and technology cooperation between cities, and the compression of spatial and temporal distance brought by the operation of high-speed rail can weaken the spatial attenuation coefficient of science and technology cooperation. Compared with research cooperation, technical cooperation is more sensitive to spatial distance. Technological proximity is the main driving factor for promoting science and technology cooperation between cities, especially the promoting effect on technological cooperation is more obvious. The smaller the gap of economic development, the easier it is to generate science and technology cooperation cooperation between cities.