黄土高原陆面过程观测试验的仪器精度和观测误差分析

利用"黄土高原陆面过程观测试验"2009年定西站的平行对比观测资料,分析了微气象观测仪器的精度和观测误差.结果显示:在大多数情况下,A301P型风杯风速计和HMP45D型温湿传感器对风温湿的观测偏差分别不超过±0.10m.s-1、±0.16℃和±1.00%;107型和109型温度传感器对土壤温度的观测偏差分别不超过±0.1℃和±0.03℃;HFP01型热通量板对土壤热通量的观测偏差不超过±11W.m-2;涡动协方差系统(CAST3+Li7500)观测计算得到的感热、潜热和动量通量的偏差分别不超过±8W.m-2、±8W.m-2、±0.02kg.m-1.s-2.此试验对于大气风速、温度、相对湿度、土壤湿度和温度、地表辐射以及地表通量这些要素的观测,相同型号仪器之间的数据都很一致.并且不同型号仪器进行对比观测风速、土壤温度、净辐射、向下长短波辐射和土壤热通量得到的结果也较一致.结果表明,该试验大多数仪器有比较高的精度,仪器之间也比较一致,观测误差较小,基本能够满足陆面过程观测的要求.

LOPEX Instrument Accuracies and Observation Errors

Instrument accuracy and observation error were analyzed by using data observed parallelly in Dingxi Station during 2009 in(Experimental Study of Land Surface Proesses in Chinese Loess Plateau).It’s found that,in most cases,the deviations of wind speed(by A301P),temperature(by HMP45D) and humidity(by HMP45D) are no more than ±0.10 m·s-1,±0.16 ℃ and ±1.00%.Soil temperature was measured by instruments of Type 107 and Type 109,whose deviations are no more than ±0.1 ℃ and ±0.03 ℃,respectively.And the deviations of soil heat flux(by HFP01),sensible heat,latent heat and momentum flux(by CSAT3+Li7500) are less than ±11 W·m-2,±8 W·m-2,±8 W·m-2 and ±0.02 kg·m-1·s-2),respectively.As to some meteorological elements,measurements are consistent with each other,whether they were measured by the same type or different types of instruments.In short,the results show that most of the instruments have a higher accuracy,which can basically meet the requirements of land surface observations.This study provides useful information for data evaluation and data analysis.