滨河湿地地表水文评价指标与实例分析

基于洪水脉动理论，在归纳总结滨河湿地水文对滨河湿地生态系统影响因子的基础上，确立以淹没次数、淹没频率和淹没持续时间作为滨河湿地的水文评价指标，并以西安泾渭湿地为例，研究了1951年以来泾渭湿地地表水文变化。结果表明，与20世纪60年代相比，90年代泾渭湿地的淹没频率降低了69％以上；与1985年以前相比，1986～2000年的淹没持续时间也减小了80％左右；在5～10月期间，各月的淹没次数在20世纪90年代最少。

Evaluation Indexes on Surface Hydrology of Riparian wetland and a Case Analysis

The hydrological process plays an extremely important role in wetland formation,development,and evolution disappearance.According to the concept of flood pulse,the hydrological evaluation indexes of submerged frequency,submerged occurrence time and duration were established.The application of this theory in Jingwei wetland indicated that the flood frequency reduced more than 69% in 1990s than that in 1960s;the submerged duration has also decreased to about 80% since 1986;the submerged time from May to October of every year was not suitable for the survival of wetland plants.It is concluded that the surface hydrology of Jingwei wetland was changed greatly.