北京城乡过渡区土地利用变化驱动力分析

在多时相遥感数据和实际调查数据的支持下,采用典型样带和样点相结合的研究方法,对北京西部城乡过渡区的土地利用/覆盖变化驱动力进行了研究。结果表明,研究区的土地利用/覆盖变化受到了不同层次、多种驱动力的综合作用,人类活动从整体上改变着城乡过渡区的景观特征,政策体制转变下的经济高速增长和快速的城市化过程是北京城乡过渡区土地利用/覆盖变化的根本原因。在这个过程中,城市投资和产业的转变与农村农业用地内部的结构调整相互结合,从城市和农村两个方向共同推动着北京城乡过渡区的土地利用/覆盖变化,而地形、交通等因素则从局部尺度上决定着土地利用/覆盖变化的方向。此外,人类个体的行为选择,尤其是就业和消费选择,也在一定程度上对北京城乡过渡区的土地利用/覆盖变化起着调整和修改作用。

ANALYSIS OF LAND USE/COVER DRIVING FORCES IN THE URBAN FRINGE OF BEIJING CITY

Drastic land use/cover changes have always taken place in the urban fringe area in the urbanization, which always aroused many environmental and ecological problems, such as pollution, biodiversity loss, local climate change and so on. Thus, with the support of RS data and field investigation data, the driving forces of the land use/cover change in the urban fringe area of the west part of Beijing city is analyzed and evaluated in this paper. The results show that the land use/cover changes in the urban fringe are affected collectively by many factors in different scales. Human activity changed the landscape characteristics of the fringe as a whole and the rapid economic increase and fast urbanization were the key driving forces of the land use/cover change in the urban fringe area. In addition, the investment and industry transformation of the urban area and the structure adjustment in the primary industry of the rural area drove the land use/cover change directly in the regional scale and the location factors such as traffic situations, landform and so on, affected the land use/cover change in the urban fringe in the local scale. Besides, human behaviors also affect the land use/cover changes in the urban fringe in some extent.