栉孔扇贝血淋巴中超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氨酶活性及其性质的研究

于１９９７年１０月－１９９８年１月，从胶州湾贝类养殖场购买栉孔扇贝，分别采用邻苯三酚自氧化法和过氧化氢法测定了其血细胞和血清中的超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）和过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）的活力，并对ＳＯＤ类型的鉴别区分、ＳＯＤ和ＣＡＴ的热稳定性以及温度对ＳＯＤ和ＣＡＴ活力的影响进行研究。结果表明，血细胞中ＳＯＤ和 ＣＡＴ活力分别为３１２．７Ｕ和 １２４．４Ｕ，血清中ＳＯＤ和ＣＡＴ活力分别为１０２．３Ｕ和７３．８Ｕ；冻存１０ｄ后，血清中ＳＯＤ的活力丧失２４．６％，而ＣＡＴ的活力丧失４０．８％；血细胞中ＣｕＺｎ－ＳＯＤ和Ｍｎ－ＳＯＤ的活力分别为１９３．４Ｕ和８２．３Ｕ，血清中仅存在ＣｕＺｎ－ＳＯＤ活性；血清中ＳＯＤ的热稳定性很高，在８０℃下保温３０ｍｉｎ后，酶活力仍很高，而ＣＡＴ的热稳定性较低；血清中的ＳＯＤ和ＣＡＴ的最适温度分别为５０℃和４５℃。

ACTIVITIES AND PROPERTIES OF SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE AND CATALASE IN THE HAEMOLYMPH OF CHLAMYS FARRERI

The activities and properties of superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) and catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6) in the haemocytes and serum of Chlamys farreri were studied from October 1997 to January 1998. The activities of SOD were measured with the method of autooxygenation of pyrogallol. The activities of CAT were measured by the decrease in absorbance due to H₂O₂ consumption. The distinction of CuZn and Mn form of SOD, heat stabilities of SOD and CAT, effects of temperature on the activities of SOD and CAT were also studied. There are activities of SOD and CAT in both haemocytes and serum. SOD and CAT activities in haemocytes are 312.7U and 124.4U; and are 102.3U and 73.8U in serum. 24.6% and 40.8% of SOD and CAT activities in serum are reduced after they were iced for 10 days. CuZn-SOD and Mn-SOD activities in haemocyetes are 70.3% and 29.7% of the total SOD activities. CuZn-SOD is present but Mn-SOD is not detectable in serum. The heat stability of SOD is very high. SOD is highly active after the serum was treated in 80°C for 10min. the heat stability of CAT is low. The optimum temperature for SOD and CAT in serum respectively appear about 50°C and 45°C.