降雨入渗补给灵敏度及其计算方法研究

对两类降雨入渗计算模型进行了研究：①简单的水量平衡模型；②数值模拟模型。这两类模型的假定条件和非饱和的理论概念差别很大。两类模型在非饱和区中的应用表明，在非饱和区均质土壤条件下，水量平衡模型计算的降雨入渗补给量与应用数值模拟模型计算所得结果基本相吻合。灵敏度分析表明了地下水位变动对降雨入渗补给的影响。假定地下水位不变所造成的误差可作为水文地质参数的一个函数来处理。本文研究成果在一定水文地质条件下的非饱和水流模型、饱和水流模型或排水模型系统计算中具有十分重要的参考应用价值。

Study on Calculation and Sensitivity of Precipitation Recharge

Two models for calculating precipitation recharge have been evaluated. 1) A simple water balance model, and 2) a numerical simulation model. Two models differ broadly in their assumptions and in their conceptualization of unsaturated flow. Application of the two models to hypothetical unsaturated domains indicated that for homogeneous soil conditions in the unsaturated zone, the recharges calculated by the water balance model is comparable to those obtained by the numerical simulation model. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to identify the effect of moving water table on recharge estimates. Errors involved in the assumption of a fixed water table were determined as a function of the hydrogeological parameters. The results showed in the paper will play a very important reference and application value in the systematic calculation of unsaturated-saturated or drainage models under the condition of given hydrogeology.