气候模式与气候模拟

本文扼要地叙述了气候模式与模拟的定义、内容和发展概况。介绍了不同类型模式,如能量平衡模式、辐射对流模式、大气环流模式和随机模式等的主要特征。最后举了两个实例,即用大气环流模式作由二氧化碳增加而造成大气增温的数值试验以及用机制模式研究气候变化及可预报性,以此来阐明当今气候模拟的两个主要方向。

Climate Model and Climate simulation

The definition, synopsis and development of climate model and simulation is sum-marzed in this paper. The basic feature of several types of model, such as energy-equilibrium model, radiative-convective model, general circulation model (GCM). random model and so on, are described. Twoexamples, i. e. the experiment of atmospheric warming due to increasing CO2 by using GCM and the studyo nc lima tic chan ge and predictability with the mechanism model, is given in order to explain two major approaches of the climate simulation at present.