黄河流域生态环境综合评价及其演变

在定性分析黄河流域自然生态环境特点的基础上，针对黄河流域不同的地理特征与生态环境特征，从气候环境、水文环境、土地覆盖、土壤侵蚀、土地利用和地形地貌等方面选择评价指标，在遥感与地理信息系统技术支持下，首先通过一系列的模型计算与遥感影像解译，分别生成黄河流域1980年代末期与1990年代末期数值型的生态环境背景因子，而后应用主成分分析法对生态环境质量进行了综合评价，得出了不同空间尺度下的反映黄河流域1980年代末期与1990年代末期生态环境质量的分级图，并对黄河流域近10年间的生态环境演变进行了分析。

Eco-environmental Evaluation and Changes in Yellow River Basin

Land use and land cover change are a focus for study on the global changes. And the eco-environmen-tal change is important for better understanding of land use/land cover change and environmental management for sustainable development. In Yellow River Basin the ecological environment has been degrading due to both the global changes and the sharper contradiction between human and nature. The ecological environment problem such as grassland degeneration, sandy desertification and water erosion have seriously affected the regional sustainable development. In order to analyze eco-environmental changes in Yellow River Basin, the technologies of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System were used. The mathematical methodology for study on eco-environment was explored and developed. This research focused on the analysis of eco-environmental synthetic evaluation and dynamic changes in Yellow River Basin in ten years. At first, based on the analysis of the geographical and ecological features in Yellow River Basin, the digital eco-environmental background information was generated from multi-temporal Landsat TM data and meteorological observation data. Secondly, using spatial principal components evaluation method the synthetic eco-environmental evaluation result map of Yellow River Basin were calculated and the eco-environmental changes in recent ten years were analyzed in this paper.