河流生态护岸研究进展综述

生态护岸是结合生态工程与土木工程技术的一种护岸形式，对保护岸坡结构稳定和维护河流生态环境的可持续发展起着重要作用。文章简要综述了国内外生态护岸的产生背景及发展现状，在此基础上探讨了生态护岸的概念与内涵。根据应用条件和功能特征，对生态护岸的一些代表性类型、采用的材料、技术以及各类生态护岸的适用范围进行了分类描述。通过国内外的研究实例，对目前生态护岸技术的研究方法进行了系统的归纳，并结合现状分析了当前生态护岸在应用中存在的问题，提出应该针对不同环境条件以及不同功能要求，因地制宜地建设既能确保安全又能兼顾一定生态效应的护岸。最后展望了在生态护岸的生态系统服务功能、评价标准体系以及可持续利用管理等方面尚需继续深入进行的研究和探索。

Review on the Application and Research of Ecological Riverbanks for Water Systems

Ecological riverbank is a form of the riverbanks that combines the technology of ecological engineering and civil engineering. It plays an important role in the slope protection and the sustainable development of river ecosystems. Based on a review of the developing backgrounds and current situation of ecological embankment at home and abroad, this paper introduces the conception and connotation of the ecological riverbank. According to the application conditions and function characteristics, the representative types of ecological riverbanks are classified and their related techniques, characteristics and application scope are described as well. The research methods for ecological riverbank are systematically summarized based on the domestic and overseas literatures. Combined with the present situation, the problems existing in the application of ecological riverbank engineering are discussed. It is proposed that the design of ecological riverbank should be reasonably applied corresponding to specific environmental features and engineering demand so that it can optimize both eco-environmental effectiveness and slope protection, and that several essential directions such as the ecosystem service function, standardized evaluation system and sustainable utilization and management of ecological riverbank should be deserving of further research and exploration.