山西省非物质文化遗产时空分布特征及旅游响应

研究山西省非物质文化遗产,分析其类型结构、空间分布类型与聚集区域、市域空间分布特征与旅游响应、时序分布特征等,得出结论：① 山西省非物质文化遗产类型分布差异化特征明显,国家级、省级非物质文化遗产项目中传统技艺类数量最多。② 山西省国家级非物质文化遗产项目在省域分布层面集聚型分布特征以极核区、高度密集区、次级密集区和带状区域为主要分布现状。③ 山西省11个地市均有非物质文化遗产项目,但类型、数量分布不均衡,呈现出空间不均衡的集聚特征格局。④ 山西省非物质文化遗产项目在时序空间格局分布上呈现不同特征。山西省非物质文化遗产资源与旅游业的发展存在显著正相关关系。

Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics and Tourism Response of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Shanxi Province

Shanxi Province has rich intangible culture in China. Intangible culture is not only historical accumulation, but also energetic culture, Shanxi Province intangible culture tourism is one of the essential parts in tourism development and pillar industry. Tourism industry of Shanxi Province has been changed from initial sightseeing tourism to leisure tourism. A conclusion is drawn by choosing Shanxi Province as a case study from the perspective s of type, spatial distribution, industrial gathering, urban spatial distribution characteristics, tourism response and temporal distribution characteristics: 1) Differentiation is obvious in the types of Shanxi intangible culture heritage. It covers maximum amount of traditional skills on the national level, provincial level of intangible culture heritage programs. Folk custom, traditional dancing, folklore literature has an advantage to upgrade from provincial level to national level as reserve resources. Dagu—Chinese ballad with drum accompaniment and story-telling, mainly in song, with musical accompaniment are both Chinese folk art forms, which are needed to be protected and developed. So does intangible culture heritage program of traditional medicine (including traditional Chinese medicine acupuncture and traditional Chinese medicine preparation). 2) Gathering distribution characteristics are national level distributed in Shanxi Province. Polar nuclei, highly dense , sub dense areas and zonal region are distributed at present. Even state is shown in the distribution of provincial level. 3) Intangible culture heritage is distributed in 11 districts and cities of Shanxi Province, but unbalanced distribution in types and numbers, it presents uneven spatial gathering distribution. 4) Temporal spatial pattern is presented different. The first and second groups of intangible culture heritage are mainly folklore literature, hand-made skills, traditional operas, and traditional arts. They are distributed in Linfen city and Yuncheng city, which are rich in culture. The third and fourth groups of intangible culture heritage are mainly traditional songs and dancing, Chinese traditional medicine, folk customs, which are distributed enlarge and varied. Rich heritage resources has more A-level tourist spots and on the high level; Poor heritage resources has less A-level tourist spots and on the low level. Significant positive correlation is shown in the intangible culture heritage and development of tourism in Shanxi Province.