鄂尔多斯市生态系统服务权衡与协同分析

鄂尔多斯市是中国北方农牧交错带的中心,经济快速发展的同时带来生态环境巨大的压力,该区域生态系统服务及其相互关联的变化对半干旱地区的可持续发展具有重要意义。本文基于2000、2010年鄂尔多斯市的食物供给、碳储存、产水量以及土壤保持4种关键生态系统服务供给核算,采用相关分析探究栅格尺度上4种服务之间的权衡与协同关系,并引入玫瑰图对比不同土地利用类型的生态系统服务关联特征差异。研究结果表明：①2000-2010年鄂尔多斯市生态系统服务整体增强,平均食物供给量由99.5 kg·hm^-2增至224.2 kg·hm^-2,碳储存量由8.32 t·hm^-2增至8.41 t·hm^-2,平均产水量由153.64 mm增至291.90 mm,土壤保持量平均值由47.79 kg·hm^-2增至59.04 t·hm^-2;②产水与土壤保持之间存在协同关系(相关系数分别为0.972和0.771),食物供给与土壤保持之间存在协同关系(相关系数分别为0.505、0.736),食物供给和碳储存之间存在权衡关系(相关系数分别为-0.584、-0.512);③多重生态系统服务供给的热点区主要分布在鄂尔多斯市东部;④产水量和土壤保持、碳储存在耕地和林地中呈现此消彼长的变化方式,而在草地中4种生态系统服务同时增加。

Tradeoffs and synergies between ecosystem services in Ordos City

The city of Ordos is in the central part of the ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry in northern China, and the rapid economic development brings great pressure to the ecological environment. Ecosystem services and their inter-related changes in Ordos have great significance for the sustainable development of ecosystems in this semi-arid area. This study calculated the four key ecosystem services of food supply, carbon storage, water production, and soil conservation in Ordos in 2000 and 2010, and used the relevant analysis to explore the tradeoffs and synergies between the four services at the 30 m × 30 m grid scale and introduced the rose map. The relationship between the ecosystem services of different land-use types was analyzed. The results show that there is a synergistic relationship between water production and soil conservation, a synergistic relationship between food supply and soil conservation, a tradeoff relationship between soil conservation and food supply, and a tradeoff relationship between food supply and carbon storage. The eastern agricultural area of Ordos contains most of the hotspots of multiple ecosystem services. The production of water reduced as soil conservation and carbon storage improved in cultivated land and woodland, while in the grassland the four ecosystem services increased simultaneously.