可控震源的互补组合激发技术

在浅层地震勘探领域，便携式可控震源的研制和应用目前仍没有达到实用化水平，震源激发能量与便携性之间的相互制约一直是困扰人们的一个棘手问题。振动式可控震源采用扫频方式激发，具有良好的相关特性，但若要增加输出力必须以增大自身重量、牺牲便携性为代价；冲击式可控震源采用冲击序列方式激发，具有能量强的特点，但若要减小解码地震记录中的相关噪声，必须增加冲击序列的长度，从而增加了勘探施工成本。研究冲击式与振动式可控震源的互补组合激发技术，保持了冲击式可控震源在能量与便携性方面的优势，在不增加冲击序列长度的前提下降低了解码记录中的相关噪声。相关分析、频谱分析、地震数值模拟和实际地震实验的结果均证实了互补组合激发方法的有效性。

The Complementary Combination Stimulating Technology for Controllable Seismic Sources

In shallow seismic exploration, the development and application of portable controlled seismic source have still not met practical demand. The difficulty comes from the mutual restriction between the energy exited by seismic source and the portability. Vibration seismic source by frequency sweep excitation has good correlation properties, but in order to increase the output force of the source, the weight of the source must be increased, sacrifying the portability. Impact seismic source with the excitation mode of shock sequence has strong energy, one must balance the correlation noise in decoded seismic record and the cost of exploration. We study complementary combination stimulating technique with vibration and impact seismic sources. The technique keeps the advantage in energy and portability for the impact seismic source, while reduces the correlation noise in decoded seismic record without increase the length of the shock sequence. The results of correlation analysis, frequency spectrum analysis, seismic numerical simulation and actual seismic experiment all confirm the effectiveness of the complementary combination stimulating technology.