地下水动态映震机制的试验与观测研究

本文根据一系列室内外试验与观测研究结果,论述了震前地下水位动态异常信息形成的四个基本环节:①地壳应力活动与含水层应力状态的变化,②含水层变形破坏与孔隙压力的变化;③孔压变化信息在井—含水层系统中的传递;④孔压变化信息在井孔地下水动态中的表现。在此基础上,提出了地下水动态映震特性的若干观点。

TEST AND OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES OF THEEARTHQUAKE-CORRESPONDING MECHANISMOF GROUNDWATER BEHAVIOURS

Based on a series of in- and outdoors laberatory tets and the obsirva-tional results, the following four important problons conecrning the formation of pre-earthquake groundwater behavior anomalies are systematically discussed in this paper: 1) The activity of crustal stress and the variation of the stress conditions in the aquifer;2 ) The deformational failure, of the aquifer and change of the pore pres-sure;3 ) The transmission of the information of pore pressure variation in the well-aquifer syste;4 ) The expression of the information of pore pressure variation in the well water behaviors.These problems arc discussed on the basis of some tests of the defomation-fracture regime and pore pressure of respective saturated samples uuder dissimilar temperature and confining pressure, the hydrodynamic simulation test on the formation process of groundwater microbehavier and the field observations of groundwater level corresponding to underground nuclear explosions, hydrofrac-turing experiments, train loading, water pumping from shallow aquifers and river tide loading.