中国省域城镇工资水平的区域分异机制与空间效应

工资水平的区域分异是一种较为常见的经济地理现象，其形成源自于众多影响因素的综合作用，生成与演进也带有特定的区域相互作用特征。运用空间计量分析与GIS相结合的方法，系统分析我国省域城镇现有工资水平的区域分布特征及分异格局，进一步深入探讨中国工资水平区域分异的作用机制和空间效应。在对中国工资水平区域分异的基本现状进行简要描述的基础上，利用新经济地理学中的工资方程，结合中国经济社会发展实际，试图阐明中国工资水平现有分异格局的作用机制；并通过全域自相关指数、SLM和SEM模型实证检验了各主要理论因素对中国工资水平区域分异的影响程度及其空间效应，结果显示：市场潜能、开放度、市场分割度等因素对中国工资水平的区域分异有重要的影响，且中国省域间城镇工资水平存在显著的空间误差效应。最后，从合理缩小现有的工资水平区域差距，促进区域协调发展的角度提出了若干政策建议，具体包括健全劳动力市场协调机制、减少劳动力资源的跨区域流动障碍；强化人力资本积累在缩小地区工资差异中的作用力；增进省级地域单元间的贸易联系性，弱化市场分割程度；优化低工资地区的外贸投资环境，提升其对外贸易竞争力和融资效率；推进东部地区尽快转型升级，积极培育中西部省份重要的增长极。

Regional differentiation mechanism and spatial effects of the wage level among different provincial units in China

The regional distribution differences of the wage level due to many influencing factors are a kind of common economic geography phenomenon, and the mechanism of its formation and evolution also has specific regional characteristics. This paper uses the methods of spatial economics and GIS to analyze the existing regional differentiation pattern of the wage level, which aims to examine the regional differentiation mechanism and the effect of China''s wage level. This paper firstly briefly describes the basic facts of the regional differentiation of the wage level in China, and later describes the effective mechanism and the main factors of the existing wage level differentiation by using classical wage equation of NEG and based on the combination of actual economic and social development. And then, using Moran''s index, the spatial lag model and spatial error model, this paper empirically examines the influence of various theoretical factors on regional wage heterogeneity and further the spatial effects.The result shows that market potential, openness and the degree of market segmentation have an important effect on the regional differentiation of China''s wage level and there is a significant spatial error effect on the town wage level among provincial cities. Finally, this article raises some recommendations from the perspective of narrowing the existing wage level of regional disparities and promoting regional coordinated development. The specific recommendations include: Improving the labor market coordination mechanisms to reduce the cross-regional movement barriers of labor resources; Strengthening the force of human capital accumulation in reducing regional wage differentials; Promoting trade links between the provincial geographical unit and weakening the degree of market segmentation; Optimizing the foreign trade and investment environment of the low-wage areas to enhance the competitiveness of foreign trade and financing efficiency; Promoting the transformation and upgrading of the eastern region as soon as possible; and Cultivate the important growth poles in the mid-west provinces actively.