晋陕蒙能源区城镇化过程及其对生态环境的影响

研究能源区城镇化过程及其生态环境影响，对于更好地认识能源富集地区发展有重要的现实意义。利用1992-2009 年的DMSP/OLS夜间灯光数据，建立晋陕蒙能源区城镇化形态的年尺度时间折线图，探究其空间过程与动态强度，并用与NPP价值量成正比关系的植被固碳释氧效应反映生态环境影响。结果表明，城镇化过程在空间上的总强度不断上升，但单位面积强度有所波动，其形态趋于边缘复杂化和布局分散化；大部分区域NPP价值量与城镇化强度均在增加，少数城镇化快速增长区域NPP价值量下降。说明城镇中心的植被固碳释氧效应虽因不透水面增大而有所降低，但城镇化进程并未降低区域整体的固碳释氧服务功能。能源区良好生态环境的客观需求和发展积累的大量资金可能有益于推动城镇化区域的生态建设。

Urban process and its eco-environmental impact in Shanxi-Shaanxi-Inner Mongolia energy area

Nowadays, urbanization is becoming a comprehensive subject in the process of socioeconomic development in China. So it is significant to probe into the urbanization process and its eco-environmental effect. As we know, the night light intensity index may reflect the change of urban population, economic strength and infrastructure construction. So in this paper, a group of DPMS/OLS data for continuous years (1992-2009) has been used to study the process and pattern of urbanization in Shanxi-Shaanxi-Inner Mongolia (Jin-Shaan-Meng) energy area. Furthermore, a line chart of urbanization pattern indices is made, which might reflect the dynamic conditions of urbanization in the energy area. The result shows that the total intensity of the urbanization process has been increased continuously, but the urbanization intensity of unit area is fluctuant and inconsistent. The changing trend of urbanization pattern tends to be the complex edges, as well as the decentralized layout. The distribution might be relative to the dispersive patterns of mining areas. Net primary productivity (NPP) value is taken as a representative of the ecological service for carbon fixation and oxygen release. The NPP value and urbanization intensity are both growing in most of the areas, though in a few of the areas the urbanization intensity grows very fast, while the NPP value comes to fall. This phenomenon indicates that although the ecological effect of vegetation is declining in some zones due to the increase of the impervious surface area, the urbanization process does not minimize the overall regional ecological effect. Moreover, the differences of the NPP value between the edge area and the outside area are small, which are only caused by the inferior natural conditions in the whole region. On the contrary, in the central area for human activities, the eco-environmental effect is recovered. In the arid area, a good eco-environment will become an objective demand in the urbanization process when the economic property has been accumulated to a certain extent. What''s more, both the good environment demand and enough economic property can availably promote the ecological construction. Of course, the positive conclusion can be drawn through the short-term data analysis of urbanization, but the whole vegetation ecological effect cannot be extrapolated on time scale. The difference between short-term urbanization process and long-term irreversible urbanization behavior should be noticed, and more consideration of ecological restoration in energy area is surely in need at present.