塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地塔中地区大气气溶胶散射系数影响因子

利用2010年塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地塔克拉玛干沙漠大气环境观测试验站单波段(525nm)积分浊度计和PM10自动监测仪、能见度仪器观测资料,结合塔中地面气象观测资料,分析影响塔中气溶胶散射系数的各因子。结果表明:(1)散射系数和PM10质量浓度具有明显的正相关关系,相关程度秋季最大,达0.96;夏季次之,为0.94;冬季最小,为0.91。(2)质量散射系数3月最小,10月最大;四季中,春季最小,为0.60m2·g-1,秋季最大,为1.38m2·g-1。塔中站气溶胶质量散射系数小于河北张北站、甘肃民勤站、兰州西固区,大于内蒙古锡林浩特站、希腊克里特岛、以色列内盖夫沙漠。(3)能见度与散射系数呈显著负幂相关关系,相关系数为0.80,其中夏、秋、冬季的相关系数都超过了年相关系数,分别是0.913、0.908、和0.857,春季最低为0.723。(4)风速较大时,散射系数的值也比较大,两者呈现正相关关系,相关系数为0.45。散射系数小于500 Mm-1时,主要分布于ENE和NE;大于500Mm^-1以上则主要是在ENE、NE、E风向。在ESE风向时,散射系数的平均值最大,其次是SSE方向上,最小值是S风向。

Impact Factors of Atmospheric Aerosol Scattering Coefficient in the Tazhong Area of the Taklimakan Desert

The observation data from conventional observation instruments and single-band(525 nm)integral nephelometer, PM₁₀ automatic monitor and visibility instrument of the Taklimakan Desert Atmosphere Observation Station in 2010 were used to analyze the relationship between the aerosol scattering coefficient and various factors in the Tazhong. The results showed that:(1) Scattering coefficient and mass concentration of PM₁₀ had a significant positive correlation, and the correlation coefficient was 0.96 in autumn, 0.94 in summer, and 0.91 in winter.(2)For mass scattering coefficient, the lowest value was in March, the highest value was in October; the lowest value was 0.66 m²·g^-1 in spring, the highest value was 1.386 m²·g^-1 in fall. The mass scattering coefficient of Tazhong station was smaller than that of Zhangbei Station of Hebei Province, Minqin Station of Gansu Province, Xigu District of Lanzhou, Xilinhaote Station of Inner Mongolia, Crete Island of Greece and Negev Desert of Israel. (3) There were a significantly negative correlation between visibility and scattering coefficient, and the coefficient was 0.80. The correlation coefficient in summer, autumn and winter exceeded that in whole year. With correlation coefficients 0.913, 0.908, and 0.857,respectively, and the lowest value was in spring (0.723). (4)When the wind speed was large, the scattering coefficient values were relatively large, and the correlation coefficient was 0.45. When the scattering coefficient was less than 500 Mm^-1, the wind direction was distributed in ENE and NE; when the scattering coefficient was more than 500 Mm^-1, the wind direction was mainly distributed in ENE, NE and E. In the ESE wind direction, the average of the scattering coefficient was the largest, followed by the SSE direction, and the minimum value was the S wind direction.