三维AOA/TDOA被动定位及其迭代融合算法

对辐射源的三维被动定位是电子支持测量系统（electronic support measure system，ESM）的重要内容，特别是在军事上，是侦察定位、监视监测的重要方面。到达时间差（time difference of arrival，TDOA）、到达角度（angle of arrival，AOA）是被动雷达普遍采用的两种定位方法。本文基于分别安装于不同运动平台上的两个传感器的AOA和TDOA测量，给出了迭代最小二乘（iterative least squares，ILS）融合算法。其中，传感器的位置、速度以及状态等参量由集成GPS／INS系统估计得到，AOA／TDOA测量方程由运动平台的位置、姿态以及传感器的AOA、TDOA测量数据构成。本方法首先将ISL用于对两个传感器的AOA融合，然后将得到的估计结果作为AOA／TDOA的ILS融合的初始值。仿真结果显示采用AOA／TDOA融合算法，使定位精度得到有效提高。

3D AOA/TDOA Emitter Location by Integrated Passive Radar/GPS/INS Systems

The 3D passive location of radar emitters remains an important problem in electronic support for military surveillance.The angle of arrivals(AOA) and time difference of arrivals(TDOA) are two popular schemes for passive emitter location.In this paper,a location scheme is proposed based on fusion of AOA and TDOA measurements from two electronic support measures(ESM) sensors installed on two moving platforms,respectively.The sensor positions,velocities, and platform attitudes are estimated by loosely-coupled GPS/INS systems.AOA and TDOA measurement equations are formed by AOA and the time of arrivals(TOA) measurements of the ESM sensors and the platform positions and attitudes.Least-squares(LS) is proposed to fuse AOA measurements from two ESMs,and its estimation is used as the initialization of the iterative LS(ILS) method for fusing both AOA and TDOA measurements.Experimental results show that the location accuracy of the radar emitter can be improved effectively by this AOA/TDOA fusion method.