肠膜之特性及其在无线电探空仪上的应用

本文介绍了作者处理的肠膜湿度元件的特性。当元件切截为1—1.5毫米宽之长条状时,由实验室内及高空探测结果指出:1.施于元件之拉力不得大于5克重,否则检定曲线不稳定。2.如一元件已适应某种程度之张力,改变张力则检定曲线亦改变。3.通常长度随相对湿度之变化极接近“给呂萨克”尺度,但经过特殊处理后,可使之接近线性关系。4.具有显著之瘫痪效应。但相对湿度达70—75%时,瘫痪现象立即消失。5.表面附有水层时,尺度不稳定。以上所述各种性质,其他各种类型的元件亦多少地存在,但作者处理之肠膜更有下列重要优点。即6.在低温时仍极灵敏,滞性系数很小,与德制旋发相当(图5)。由于滞性系数很小,故作者处理的肠膜当为高空观测工作中极有用之工具。作者在北京选择了不同的天气施放探空仪,同时进行了毛发、旋发及肠膜的比较工作,文中也列举了部分这方面的记录及分析结果。

A STUDY ON THE GOLD BEATERS SKIN HYGROMETRIC ELEMENT

In the present paper,a study of the so called "Gold beaters skin" hygrometric membrane made by the authers is given.When cut in strips of 1-1.5 mm in vaidth,experimental results in the laboratory and upper air sounding data show that: 1.The force applied on each strip must be less than 5 gms.,or other wise the calibration will be unstable.2.If an element is in habit of certain tension,the calibration will be changed when the tension is changed.3.The relztion between elongation and relative humidity follows the so-called "Gay-Lussac" scale generally,but by special treatment a linear relationship may be obtained.4.It gives large hysterisis cycle and the hysterisis phenomenon will be entirely removed as soon as relative humidity reaches 70-75%.5.The calibration will be changed when the element is covered with a film of water.The above stated properties also pocess some of other kinds of orgsnit hygrometric clements,but beside these we found that: 6.Our elements are very sensitie at low temperature and have,very small lag coefficient comparable to that of Frankenberg hair(fig.5) using in Western Germany.Because of this small lag coefficient,our hygrometric element may be proved useful in serological rieasurements.Comparison between upper air sounding data obtained by using ordinary hair,Frankenberg hair and our elements on selected weather situations in Peking are also discussed.