城市河道公共休闲的适宜性指标体系构建与评价简

城市河道是集城市生态保育、娱乐游憩、居住生活、景观等多重功能于一体的开放空间。对城市河道公共休闲空间的利用目前存在价值利用与控制难以协调的矛盾，构建城市河道公共休闲价值评价指标对城市河道休闲空间的规划与开发具有重要的现实意义。基于目前公众对城市河道休闲的识别要素，综合国内外学者对休闲空间评价、城市河道生态健康评价等研究，将城市河道公共休闲空间适宜性指标归纳为资源特性、形态特性、功能特性、文化特质、公共特性等5个维度共42项指标；综合考虑指标的代表性和易操作性等特征，在指标权重确定上，使用最常用的关联矩阵法，反映各指标的重要性差异；利用确定的指标体系和权重测度了北京城区已治理的14条河道的公共休闲适宜度。结果表明，北京市城市河道普遍存在生态景观特征较好，但实用性有待加强的现实问题。

Establishment and evaluation of public recreational suitability index system of urban river： Urban river public recreational value of urban rivers in Beijing

Urban rivers are an open space with multiple functions, including urban ecological conservation, entertainment, residence, and sightseeing. Conflict exists between utilization and management of urban river as a public recreational space; therefore it is practically important to build a systematic index for the evaluation of public recreational urban river. Based on the current identification elements of public leisure in urban river, combined with domestic and foreign scholars' evaluation of recreational space and health evaluation of urban river ecosystem, the article summarizes the suitability index of urban river public leisure space into five dimensions, namely, resource characteristics, morphological features, functional properties, cultural traits and publicity, which contain 42 indicators in total. Taking into comprehensive consideration the typicality and operability of the five dimensions as well as 42 indicators, the most commonly used correlation matrix method is adopted to reflect differences of each index, in terms of determination of index weight. The paper finally measures the public recreational suitability of 14 environmentally-improved urban rivers in Beijing, by employing the established index system and weight. As a result, Beijing urban rivers generally have good ecological landscape, nevertheless their practical usage for public recreation need to be strengthened.