越冬亲虾及其环境的细菌学研究

通过对亲虾越冬系统的外蓄水池、预热池水、虾池水、亲虾用饵料、虾体及其病患作细菌分析,发现从外蓄水至虾体这五个环节存有细菌等微生物富集过程。稳定的环境、过多的营养、残饵、污物、病虾等是亲虾池细菌富集的要因;不健康亲虾富集并扩散病原微生物。对虾病病因、种类、亲虾成活率等的分析,发现至少31％的疾病与细菌等微生物有关。亲虾成活率与环境微生物一些参数,如几丁质降解菌含量、C/H％和V/H％间有很好的负相关。结果表明,监测亲虾越冬期各类细菌消涨势态,防治病害等是提高亲虾质量数量乃至育苗成功不可少的工作。

Bacteriological Research on Parent Penaeid Shrimp(Penaeus sinensis) and Its Water Environment during Overwintering Period

In the system of wintering for parent penaeid shrimp (Penaeus sinensis), the bacteriological analyses on water stored in an outdoor pond, indoor-pre-warm pond water and culturing pond water, diet for parent shrimps, shrimp bodies and diseases were performed. It is considered that there is an enrichment process of bacteria in the five links from outdoor-stored water to shrimp bodies. Stabie environment,plenty of nutrients,residul food, pollutants,diseased shrimps are important factors of bacterial enrichment in culturing ponds for parent shrimps. Parent shrimps, esecially unhealthy shrimps,enrich and diffuse microbes further, including those pathogenic organisms. The relationships of the causes and kinds of disease, survival rate of parent shrimps were analysed,It is found at least 31% of shrimp diseases was related to bacteria and other biopathogens. These diseases affected level of health of parent shrimp directly. There were better megative correlations between the survival rate of parent shrimps and some parameters of environmental microbes, for example,the content of chitin-degrading bacteria,C/H%,V/H%. The results obtained indicate: monitoring the declining and growing situation of each kind of microbes, disease control and cure for parent shrimps are neccessary work for raising quality and quantity of parent shrimps and even for successful seedling rearing of penaeid shrimps.