矿山地质环境评价中最佳评价尺度确定方法的研究及应用

矿山地质环境的评价对于矿产资源的开发利用、矿山环境的恢复治理有重要意义,在评价工作中最佳评价尺度的确定有助于提高评价结果的精确性和统一性。本次研究从矿山地质环境的评价内容出发,提出一种最佳评价尺度的确定方法。在不同尺度下,将评价区域按照边界划分成网格评价单元,通过定量化评价指标的尺度效应表现(异质性、一致性、信息量、破碎度),求出其随尺度变化的拟合函数,进而建立最佳评价尺度函数,并求出其评价适宜区间和最佳评价尺度。将该方法应用到福建省龙岩市新罗区、三明市大田县矿山地质环境评价中,得到新罗区和大田县的最佳评价尺度适宜区间分别为[997.8 m,1 194 m]、[955.5 m,1 297.8 m],最佳评价尺度分别为1 049.6 m、1 182.1 m。在该评价尺度区间内,所得到的评价结果基本一致,并且在最佳评价尺度下评价结果的效果更好,从而证明了该方法的可行性。研究表明,最佳评价尺度函数受到研究区范围、评价内容分布情况、自然地理情况等因素的综合影响。该研究成果可以为矿山地质环境评价工作中评价尺度的确定提供理论依据。

Research and Application on Optimal Evaluation Scale Determination Method in the Mine Geological Environment Evaluation

The geological environmental evaluation of mine is significant for the development and utilization of mineral resources, as well as the conservation and restoration of mine environment. Proper optimal evaluation scale improves the accuracy and uniformity of the result of evaluation. This article presents a new method on determining the optimal evaluation scale based on mine geological environment. Under different scales, the evaluation area is firstly divided into grids according to its boundary, and then the scale effect performance (heterogeneity, consistency, information content and fragmentation) of each scale are quantified in order to calculate the fitting function changed with the evaluation scale. Secondly, with these fitting functions the optimal evaluation scale function is established. Finally, the range of suitable evaluation scales and the optimal scale can be obtained. This method was applied to evaluate mine geological environment in Xinluo District of Longyan City and Datian County of Sanming City,Fujian Province. The results are as following: the optimal range of suitable evaluation scales of Xinluo District and Datian County are [997.8 m, 1 194 m] and [955.5 m, 1 297.8 m], with the optimal evaluation scale 1 049.6 m and 1 182.1 m, respectively. In these scale ranges, the obtained evaluation results are basically consistent. The evaluation results of optimal evaluation scales have the best effect, thus proving the feasibility of the method. The research shows that the optimal evaluation scale function is comprehensively affected by factors such as the size of the study area, the distribution of the evaluating contents, and the geographical surroundings. This study can provide theoretical support for the determination of evaluation scale in the work of mine geological environment.