深海研究中的底栖有孔虫：回顾与展望

底栖有孔虫在古环境研究中的应用先是用作古水深或水团的标志物。随着新技术的应用，识别出了2种不同的底栖有孔虫微生境：外生种和内生种；认识到甚至深海底栖有孔虫，也能对表层浮游生物勃发的季节性短暂事件作出响应，因为沉降到海底的有机物质供养着底栖有孔虫。目前，底栖有孔虫被广泛应用于估算海洋表层生产力和底层水团的含氧量。回顾了深海底栖有孔虫生态研究的历史和其在古海洋学中的应用，并强调研究、应用中的新方法、新技术。中国已经加入了诸如IODP等深海研究计划，有必要向我国学术界提供底栖有孔虫研究的新方向，以资参考。

BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA IN DEEP-SEA RESERCH:RETROSPECT AND PROSPECT

The use of benthic foraminifera in paleoenvironmental studies was started as indicators of paleo-water depth or water mass. With application of new technology, two different microhabitats of benthic foraminifera have been distinguished: epifauna vsinfauna, and it was found that even deep-water benthic foraminifera respond to seasonal ephemeral changes caused by surface planktonic bloom for the supply of organic matter to the sea bottom. Benthic foraminifera are now widely used for estimation of surface productivity of the ocean and the oxygen content of the bottom water. This paper reviews the historical development of ecological studies on deep-sea benthic foraminifera and their use in paleoceanography, with emphasis on new approaches and new technology. Since China has joined such deep-sea research programs as IODP, some new directions in benthic foraminiferal studies are proposed to the Chinese community.