海洋卫星测高技术和海洋地形试验TOPEX卫星计划

ＴＯＰＥＸ卫星是目前精度最高的海洋测高卫星，利用ＳＬＲ技术确定的ＴＯＰＥＸ卫星轨道径向精度达到２．８ｃｍ，这使它可以有效地监测全球的海洋地形。ＴＯＰＥＸ卫星主要用于全球的海面变化和洋流研究。利用ＴＯＰＥＸ资料可以得到新的地球引力场，海洋大地水准面和海潮模型。

SATELLITE ALTIMETRY AND TOPEX MISSION

TOPEX,the most accurate altimeter system,can observe the global ocean topography with an accuracy of a few centimeters.The RMS accuracy of dynamic orbit is 2.8 cm(computed by using SLR)and 3.5 cm(using DORIS). In June 1996,an error was found in the TOPEX Algorithm S1034 which corrects altimeter data for oscillator drift.This error affected sea level change,but most oceanography results were not be affected by this error.After correcting this error,we get a preliminary result of global sea surface rising on 1.0± 0.7 mm/a. Using TOPEX altimeter data,a few new earth gravity models,geoid models and ocean tide models were generated,and these models were better than old models.The Kelvin and Rossby waves were found in the equatorial Pacific band,and the observation shows these waves were associated with the wind activities.The TOPEX Geophysics Record Data(GDR)also shows there was a good fit between the sea surface height(SSH) variabilities and sea surface temperature(SST).