用地球同步气象卫星红外云图估计热带气旋的强度

本文根据日本的地球静止卫星红外云图,概括了与热带气旋强度有关的四方面云图特征,即:环流中心与深对流密蔽云区的相对位置关系;眼区的形状、大小和清晰程度;中心深对流密蔽云区范围的大小和螺旋云带的特征。然后,把上述四个因素作为热带气旋强度的指数。综合这些因素,得到热带气旋的强度特征数T。由近100次观测得出热带气旋中心的最大风力V_(max)与T的相关曲线和描写它们的经验关系式V_(max)=7.813(T-1)(米/秒)。在仅有卫星观测的情况下,用上述关系可以估计热带气旋的强度。

ESTIMATION OF TROPICAL CYCLONE INTENSITY BY USE OF GMS INFRARED IMAGERY

Using GMS infrared imagery we have summarized four cloud characteristics relative to the intensity of tropical cyclone as follows: the position of the circulation center relative to deep connective cloud; the characteristics of the eyes form and its size and the degree of clearness in the eye; the characteristics of central deep connective cloud; and the characteristics of spiral cloud band. To each characteristic we assigned an index of tropical cyclone intensity. Synthesizing these four indices we obtained a T number characterizing the intensity of the cyclone. We correlated the T number with the central maximum wind speed of tropical cyclone and obtafined empirical formula V_max=7.813(T-1).It is found that we can estimated the maximum wind speed of the tropical cyclone using the GMS data.