Numerical Simulation of Macro- and Micro-structures of Intense Convective Clouds with a Spectral Bin Microphysics Model |
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Authors: | LIU Xiaoli and NIU Shengjie |
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Institution: | Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education, School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044,Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education, School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044 |
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Abstract: | By use of a three-dimensional compressible non-hydrostatic convective cloud
model with detailed microphysics featuring spectral bins of cloud
condensation nuclei (CCN), liquid droplets, ice crystals, snow and graupel
particles, the spatial and temporal distributions of hydrometeors in a
supercell observed by the (Severe Thunderstorm Electrification and
Precipitation Study) STEPS triple-radar network are simulated and analyzed.
The bin model is also employed to study the effect of CCN concentration on
the evolution characteristics of the supercell. It is found that the CCN
concentration not only affects the concentration and spectral distribution
of water droplets, but also influences the characteristics of ice crystals
and graupel particles. With a larger number of CCN, more water droplets and
ice crystals are produced and the growth of graupel is restrained. With a
small quantity of CCN the production of large size water droplets are
promoted by initially small concentrations of water droplets and ice
crystals, leading to earlier formation of small size graupel and restraining
the recycling growth of graupel, and thus inhibiting the formation of large
size graupel (or small size hail). It can be concluded that both the macroscopic
airflow and microphysical processes influence the formation and growth of large
size graupel (or small size hail). In regions with heavy pollution, a high
concentration of CCN may restrain the formation of graupel and hail, and in
extremely clean regions, excessively low concentrations of CCN may also limit
the formation of large size graupel (hail). |
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Keywords: | spectral bin microphysics macro-micro structures concentration of CCN |
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