用于地震预警的通用数据采集系统构建

地震预警作为一种能够有效减轻地震灾害的手段已经被越来越多的国家和地区研究, 并在实际应用中取得了显著的减灾实效。 但是, 这些地震预警系统中都是以秒为单位组织数据包进行传输的, 使得在使用P波前三秒数据进行τ_c-P_d计算时, 会出现一定的延迟, 尤其是当P波开始位置处于数据包的前半部分时, 延迟会超过0.5 s以上。 另外, 由于现有的地震数据采集系统在同一时刻只能输出一种采样率, 采集到的数据无法在同一时刻用于多种研究目的。 针对这两种情况, 研制了一种适用于地震预警的低延迟数据采集系统, 以100 ms的延迟进行实时数据的传输, 有效提升了预警时间, 最多可增加0.8 s。 同时, 在系统中增加了同步多采样率输出, 使得采集到的数据在同一时刻既可用于全球地震学研究(1 Hz), 又可用于常规地震台站观测(50/100/200 Hz), 提高地震计产出数据的利用率。

A Low-latency Data Acquisition System for Earthquake Early Warning

As one of effective ways to mitigate earthquake hazards, earthquake early warning (EEW) is studied by many countries and regions in the world and there is significant mitigation effectiveness during practical application. However, all the realtime data transferring in these EEW systems are organized in one packet per second and a certain delay exists when using first three seconds data of P wave for τ_c & P_d calculation. Especially, when P wave starts at the first part of a data packet, the delay is more than 0.5 s. Furthermore, the acquired data can't be used for a variety of research purposes simultaneously because only one sampling rate data is outputted at the same time. In order to solve these two problems, we develop a lowlatency data acquisition system for EEW. It can transfer realtime data by one packet per 100 ms so that the leading time can be improved with 0.8 s at maximum. In addition, we also add multisampling rate data output function which can improve utilization rate of the seismometer output data by making its data available for global seismic studies (1 Hz) and conventional seismic observation (50/100/200 Hz).