中国北方磷矿成矿类型和找矿方向

笔者是在“五国编图项目”(中国、俄罗斯、哈萨斯坦、蒙古国、韩国)的中国北方磷矿床资料研究基础之上完成本论文的。中国北方磷矿床分为“沉积型”、“沉积变质型”和“岩浆型”三大类型。沉积型磷矿床主要产生于晚震旦纪陡山沱期和早古生代寒武纪早期,磷质来源以海洋生物磷为主;沉积变质型磷矿床主要产生于中元古代,磷质来源以火山磷质为主,也可能有生物磷质参与;沉积型和沉积变质型磷矿都包含陆地风化迁入盆地中的磷成分;岩浆磷矿床主要产生于海西期和加里东期的超镁铁岩浆岩,多与铁、钒、钛成为成矿系列。沉积型磷矿在华北地台南缘和塔里木地块北缘应重视,而沉积变质型在华北地台北缘有远景;岩浆型则主要勘查超镁铁岩系列。

On the types of phosphate deposit in northern China band direction for ore finding

This research was based on the study of the data of phosphate deposits of northern China, which was a part of the "Project of Atlas Compilation by Five Countries' Geologists (China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, and the Republic of Korea)". Phosphate deposits in northern China may be divided into the sedimentary type, metamorphosed sedimentary type and magmatic type. Sedimentary phosphate deposits mainly formed in the late Sinian Doushantuoan period and Early and Middle Cambrian, and phosphate is mainly of marine organic origin. Metamorphosed sedimentary phosphate deposits mainly occurred in the Mesoproterozoic, and phosphate is mainly volcanic phosphate, possibly also mixed with organic phosphate. Both sedimentary and metamorphosed sedimentary types contain phosphate transported into the basin due to terrestrial weathering. Magmatic phosphate deposits are mainly related to Hercynian and Caledonian ultramafic magmatic rocks, and they form a mineralogenetic series together with iron vanadium and titanium. Attention should be paid to looking for sedimentary phosphate deposits in Sinian and Lower Cambrian strata on the southern margin of the North China platform and in Lower Cambrian strata on the northern margin of the Tarim block, while metamorphosed sedimentary phosphate deposits are promising on the northern margin of North China. For magmatic phosphate deposits it is necessary to carry out exploration in Caledonian and Hercynian ultramafic rocks.