城市隐伏活断层主要工作方法初探

随着地球进入新的活动周期，地震发生的频率越来越大.据目前研究可知，城市地震灾害主要是由于位于城市之下的活断层突然快速活动而产生的.活断层为晚第四纪有活动的断层.自从20世纪90年代以来，我国一直在探索活断层探测的新方法.通过前人经验及作者的工作经历，分析了活断层的特性，对活断层的探测方法加以总结.活断层探测方法分为3个大类：地球物理方法、地球化学方法和钻孔联合钻探法.3种方法各有优势和劣势，若在某地活断层探测工作中能将3种方法较好地结合起来，便能将活断层探测的精度大大提高，提高工作效率.

ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN METHODS OF ACTIVE FAULT DETECTING IN URBAN AREAS

With entering into new active period of the earth, earthquakes take place more frequently. According to recent researches, earthquake disasters in urban areas are mainly caused by the underlying active faults. Active faults are those moved since Late Quaternary. Since 1990s, new methods for active fault detecting have been explored. This paper analyzes the properties of active faults and summarizes the detecting methods for active faults on the basis of previous practices and the authors' experiences. The methods of active fault detecting can be generally classified into three aspects, i.e., geophysical methods, geochemical methods and borehole drilling methods. The three methods all have their own advantages and disadvantages. If engineers combine the three methods in active fault detecting, they will achieve their work much more accurately and effectively.