基于聚类及简化基因组联合分析的浙江洞头栽培羊栖菜(Sargassum fusiforme)品系筛选研究

以浙江洞头栽培羊栖菜(Sargassumfusiforme)群体为研究对象,运用主成分分析法对其鲜重、藻体长度、茎宽、气囊形态和大小等表型特征进行分析,确定了羊栖菜簇生气囊中的"特征"大气囊为表型主成分;运用聚类分析法分析了21个羊栖菜差异表型样品的"特征"大气囊表型聚类特征,定量分析归纳了栽培羊栖菜表型品系类别;运用简化基因组分析法构建了34个羊栖菜样品的系统进化树,分析了栽培羊栖菜各样品及韩国丽水、辽宁大连、浙江舟山野生羊栖菜样品间的亲缘关系,定量分析归纳了栽培羊栖菜基因型品系类别。在栽培羊栖菜表型品系和基因型品系总重合率为86%的基础上,将浙江洞头栽培羊栖菜群体分为球囊、锥囊、宽棒囊、狭棒囊和梭镖囊等5个品系,并运用林奈的"双名法"加以学名命名。提供了一种科学的羊栖菜品系分类方法,以期为深度开展浙江洞头栽培羊栖菜的群体结构、亲缘关系、遗传稳定性和品质差异等基础研究,以及定向选育优质高产、逆境高耐受性和活性物质高富集品系等应用研究,提供方法和理论支撑。

THE DIVERSITY OF CULTIVATED SARGASSUM FUSIFORME STRAINS IN DONGTOU, ZHEJIANG PROVINCE BY THE COMBINATION OF AIR-BLADDER PHENOTYPE AND SIMPLIFIED GENOME

Cultivated Sargassum fusiforme population in Dongtou of Zhejiang Province was used as the object of study. The phenotypic characteristics of cultivated S. fusiforme, including fresh weight, length, stem width, shape, and size of air-bladder, were examined by principal component analysis. The characteristics big air-bladder from 21 different phenotypes samples of cultivated S. fusiforme were clustered using the method of cluster analysis, and the phenotypic strains of cultivated S. fusiforme were classified by the method of quantitative analysis. The phylogenetic tree of 34 S. fusiforme samples was constructed by simplified genomic analysis. The genetic relationships among cultivated and wild S. fusiforme samples from China (Dalian of Liaoning and Zhoushan of Zhejiang) and Korea (Lishui) were analyzed. The genetic strains of cultured S. fusiforme were summarized in the quantitative analysis. Considering 86% total coincidence rate of phenotypic strains and genetic strains of S. fusiforme, the population of the cultured S. fusiforme in Dongtou could be divided into 5 strains:Sargassum sphaer-bladder, Sargassum turgidum-bladder, Sargassum wide-cylindrical, Sargassum strictures-cylindrical, and Sargassum dart-shaped bladder. This study provided a scientific method with theoretical support to the classification of S. fusiforme strains for in-depth research on the population structure, genetic relationship, genetic stability, and quality difference of S. fusiforme, as well as the directed selection of high-quality and high-yield, high tolerance to adversity, high concentration of active substances lines, and other applicable fields.