有害赤潮藻赤潮异弯藻Heterosigma akashiwo研究进展

浮游植物不仅在食物链中充当贡献者,也在生物地球化学循环过程中扮演着重要角色,然而一些种类在某些条件下暴发性增殖或聚集,形成有害藻华,对人类健康和生态系统构成威胁。赤潮异弯藻是形成有害藻华的典型物种,其藻华发生时会造成养殖鱼类大面积死亡,给水产养殖业造成巨大损失。近年来,随着全球气候变暖、水体富营养化程度日趋严重,有害藻华发生的规模和频次总体呈增加趋势,且相关研究表明气候变暖和二氧化碳水平升高均能刺激赤潮异弯藻的生长。本文主要从赤潮异弯藻物种鉴定、基础生物学研究、生态学研究等几个方面综述了该物种的研究进展,并对其未来研究方向进行了相关展望,以期为赤潮异弯藻的藻华形成机制研究、藻华防治等工作提供参考。

Recent progress in the research on harmful alga Heterosigma akashiwo (Raphidophyceae)

Phytoplankton not only acts as a major contributor in the food web but also plays an important role in the biogeochemical cycle. However, some phytoplankton species form harmful algal blooms (HABs) that cause significant damages to the health of humans and the marine ecosystems. The ichthyotoxic raphidophyte Heterosigma akashiwo is a globally distributed HAB species that has been associated with fish kills in the coastal waters. Recently, HABs have increased in intensity and frequency with the global climate change and eutrophication. Moreover, some studies have shown that H. akashiwo may benefit disproportionately from the global climate change. In this review, we have summarized the major research progress on H. akashiwo, including in terms of species identification, biology, and ecology research. The further prospects on H. akashiwo studies have also been proposed. We believe that the present review will provide references for the better understanding of the mechanism of H. akashiwo bloom formation and its bloom control.