傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱的地球化学意义及其在油气勘探中的应用前景

NSO杂原子化合物在烃源岩和原油中通常只占很小的一部分,但其包含重要的地质地球化学信息。由于组成复杂且难以分离,对该类化合物的组成研究相对薄弱。电喷雾电离源(ESI)结合傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱(FT-ICRMS)是一种新型检测石油组分的手段,具有选择性电离、超高质谱分辨率和质量精度等特征,非常适合检测石油复杂基质中微量NSO极性杂原子化合物分子组成,近年来开始应用于油气勘探领域。结合对塔里木盆地海相油与陆相油、辽河稠油等样品的FT-ICR MS分析,发现原油中NSO化合物受母源岩与油气成因类型、成熟度、油气运移示踪及硫酸盐热化学还原反应(TSR)控制,可提供相关的识别与评价信息,显示FT-ICR MS在油气地球化学理论研究和油气勘探中具有潜在的应用价值。

Geochemical Significance of FT-ICR MS and Its Application in Petroleum Exploration

Although NSO-compounds occupy only a small portion of crude oil and/or rock extracts,they contain significant geological and geochemical information.The knowledge of NSO-compounds composition was limited by the compositional complexity and the limitations of separation technique.Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FT-ICR MS) coupled with electrospray ionization(ESI) is a recently developed powerful technique for charactering NSO-compounds especially those with high molecular weight in petroleum.ESI FT-ICR MS has been used for petroleum geology application based on its ultra high resolving power and mass accuracy.According to the investigations of the marine and terrestrial oil samples from the Tarim Basin and the Liaohe Western Depression,respectively,as well as other previous works,it has been showed that the FT-ICR MS technique is applicable in multiple geochemical aspects,such as source rock and relevant hydrocarbons determination,maturity level estimation,hydrocarbons migration tracing,and thermochemical sulfate reduction(TSR) identification and/or evaluation.FT-ICR MS is significant in both the compositional characterazation of the NSO-compounds and the application in petroleum exploration.