海冰热力模式的辐射参数化方案在渤海和波罗的海应用的比较

研究了海冰热力模式中的各种辐射参数化方案,对比了模式计算的太阳短波辐射、大气长波辐射以及海冰热力变化,并利用渤海和波罗的海观测资料进行比较和误差分析.冬季大部分时间太阳短波辐射对海冰热力过程的作用有限.简单计算方案一般满足海冰模式要求.误差主要受云和冰雪表面与大气之间的多重反射影响.长波辐射对表面热平衡和海冰质量变化起重要作用.长波辐射参数化方案的计算结果受环境因素影响.云量参数化有待进一步改进.海冰模式计算结果的精度与长波辐射计算精度有一致性.

Inter-comparison of parameterizations of radiative fluxes used in thermodynamic sea ice modeling for the Bohai Sea and the Baltic Sea

The radiative fluxes are of primary importance in the energy and mass balance of the sea ice cover. The various parameterizations of radiative fluxes in the thermodynamic sea ice model are studied in this paper. Model outputs of the surface radiative and heat fluxes and mass balance are compared with observations. The contribution of short-wave radiation is limited in large part of the winter. Therefore, simple schemes are often sufficient. Errors in estimations of the short-wave radiation are mainly due to cloud effects and occasionally due to multi-reflection between surface and ice crystals in the air. The long-wave radiation plays an important role in heat and mass balance of ice surface during large part of winter. The effect of clouds on the accuracy of simple radiative schemes is critical, which needs further attention. In general, accuracy of the ice model results is in consistent with the accuracy of estimation of the radiative fluxes.