黄河流域经济发展与生态环境耦合协调的时空格局研究

生态环境是经济发展的基础，合理的有序的经济发展既是生态环境的内在要求，也是加强环境保护的重要支撑。推动黄河流域经济与生态环境协调发展是该流域实现生态保护与高质量发展的前提。文中以黄河流域91个地市（州、盟）为研究单元，构建经济发展和生态环境耦合协调评价指标体系，并运用熵值法、耦合协调模型及相对发展度模型对2005—2018年黄河流域经济发展与生态环境耦合协调度时空格局进行分析。结果表明：（1）从时序分析层面看，黄河流域经济发展与生态环境耦合度整体呈小幅波动下降态势，耦合水平较低，长期处于中度耦合的颉颃阶段；协调度总体呈波动下降趋势，主要从濒临失调阶段向轻度失调阶段过渡，协调度水平有待提升；相对发展度整体呈大幅波动上升态势，具体表现为随着时间的推移总体呈现生态环境逐渐滞后于经济发展的状态；（2）从空间分析层面看，耦合度呈现由上游向中下游逐渐增强的空间格局，协调度呈现以省会城市以及沿海城市为高值中心连片分布的格局，具有明显的空间差异性，相对发展度随着时间的推移，整体呈现由分散向集中、由个别到整体的空间形态。

The spatial and temporal pattern of coupling and coordination between economic development and ecological environment in the Yellow River Basin

Ecological environment is the foundation of economic development. Coordinated development of economic development and ecological environment in the Yellow River Basin is the premise to promote its' ecological protection and high-quality development. This paper took 91 cities of the Yellow River basin as the research unit, constructed economic development and ecological environment coupling coordination evaluation index system, used entropy method and coupling coordination model to analyse the spatial and temporal pattern of coupling coordination between economic development and ecological environment in the Yellow River Basin from 2005 to 2018. The results show that: (1)From the perspective of timing analysis, the coupling degree between economic development and ecological environment in the Yellow River Basin presents a trend of slight fluctuation and decline, with a low level of coupling and a long-time opponent of moderate coupling. Overall, the degree of coordination fluctuates and declines, mainly from the stage of near disorder to the stage of mild disorder, and the level of coordination needs to be improved. As a whole, the relative degree of development fluctuates greatly, which is manifested as that the ecological environment gradually lags behind the economic development as time goes by. (2)From the perspective of spatial analysis, the coupling degree presents a spatial pattern gradually increasing from the upstream to the middle and downstream, and the coordination degree presents a pattern of continuous distribution with provincial capitals and coastal cities as the high-value centers, showing obvious spatial differences. With the passing of time, the relative development degree presents a spatial pattern from dispersion to concentration, from individual to whole.