基于FLO-2D的矿山泥石流运动特征及危险性评价——以甘肃省岷县簸箕沟矿山泥石流为例

岷县簸箕沟金矿因人类开采活动引发了矿山泥石流灾害. 采用FLO-2D软件模拟分析了降雨强度重现期50 a及100 a条件下的簸箕沟泥石流运动特征, 进行危险性评价和分区, 并结合实际发生情况做了精度验证. 结果表明: 簸箕沟泥石流的堆积扇范围、堆积深度以及平均流速等运动特征参数随着降雨重现周期的变长而增大, 堆积扇中部的堆积深度及流速明显大于两翼及前端. 泥石流的危险区集中分布于泥石流沟道以及沟口一定范围内. 随着降雨重现周期的变长, 高危险区面积比例由48%升高至54.0%. 通过精度验证得出模拟结果与实际情况基本相符, 可信度较高.

MOVEMENT CHARACTERISTICS AND RISK ASSESSMENT OF MINE DEBRIS FLOW BASED ON FLO-2D SIMULATION: A Case Study of the Debris Flow in Bojigou Mine of Minxian County,Gansu Province

The human mining activities in Bojigou gold mine of Minxian County cause debris flow. The FLO-2D software is used to simulate and analyze the movement characteristics of Bojigou debris flow under the frequency of rainfall return periods of 50 a and 100 a. On this basis, the risk assessment and zoning are carried out, and the accuracy is verified by actual situation. The results show that parameters of movement characteristics such as the range of alluvial fan, accumulation depth and average velocity of debris flow increase with the increase of rainfall return period. The accumulation depth and velocity in the middle part of alluvial fan are significantly larger than those in the wings and front end. The hazardous areas of debris flow are concentrated in a certain range at the gully and gully mouth. The proportion of high risk area increases from 48% to 54.0% with the longer rainfall return period. The simulation results are basically consistent with the actual situation through accuracy verification, which are reliable in application.