西部省区旅游经济效率与区域经济水平的重心耦合及互动响应研究

在新一轮西部大开发背景下，旅游业是推动西部区域经济发展的重要动力。基于此，文章综合运用非径向超效率DEA模型、综合线性加权法、非参数Kernel核密度估计、重心模型、重心耦合模型以及VAR模型等方法分析旅游经济效率与区域经济水平的重心耦合与互动响应。研究结果表明：（1）西部旅游经济效率与区域经济水平均处于较低水平，前者经历了从“川-黔-渝”三核到“滇-黔”双核的演变，后者则始终以四川为唯一增长极；（2）旅游经济效率核密度曲线形状从相对平稳发展为陡峭，区域经济水平则相对稳定，前者两极化态势更为严峻；（3）旅游经济效率与区域经济水平重心迁移距离最大方向分别为“南偏西”和“南偏东”，均呈现“西北-东南”极化格局，极化方向分别以顺时针转动了3.41°和1.41°；（4）空间重叠性数值呈“U”型演化，重心耦合态势先“优化”后“劣化”；（5）脉冲响应多呈平滑型响应，响应多集中在前3~4期，区域经济水平对旅游经济效率的方差贡献度较低，旅游经济效率对区域经济水平的方差贡献度较高。

Research on the center of gravity coupling and interactive response between tourism economic efficiency and regional economic level in Western Provinces

Tourism is an important driving force for the development of western regional economy in the context of the new round of western development. Based on this, it integrates the non-radial super-efficiency DEA model, integrated linear weighting method, non-parametric Kernel kernel density estimation, center of gravity model, center of gravity coupling model and VAR model to analyze the center of gravity coupling and interactive response of tourism economic efficiency and regional economic level. Results show that: (1) both tourism economic efficiency and regional economic level in western China are at a low level, the former has experienced the evolution from Sichuan-Guizhou-Chongqing triple core to Yunnan-Guizhou;(2) Shape of the tourism economic efficiency nuclear density curve develops from relatively smooth to steep, while the regional economic level is relatively stable, and the former is more severe polarization; (3) Tourism economic efficiency and the regional economic level move in the biggest direction of the center of gravity, respectively, "south to the west " and "south east", both showing a "northwest"-"southeast" polarization pattern, polarization direction respectively by 3.41°,1.41°; (4) The spatial overlap values evolve in a U pattern, with the center of gravity coupling first "optimized" and then "degraded"; (5)The impulse responses are mostly smooth, and the responses are mostly concentrated in the first 3-4 periods, and variance contribution of regional economic level to tourism economic efficiency is low, while the variance contribution of tourism economic efficiency to regional economic level is high.